撒上十七45~47　　大卫对那非利士人说，…我来攻击你，是在万军之耶和华，就是你所辱骂以色列军阵之神的名里。今日耶和华必将你交在我手里；…全地就必知道以色列中有神；聚集在这里的众人也必知道耶和华施行拯救，不是用刀用枪，因为争战的胜败在于耶和华…。

　　在撒上十七章，大卫在信靠神击败歌利亚的事上受试验并蒙称许。

　　大卫听见歌利亚的骂阵，…大卫认为歌利亚乃是向活神的军队骂阵。（26下。）他也认为杀这样一个骂阵的人，乃是除掉以色列的耻辱。（26上。）…大卫知道神打发他到那里来的缘故，〔29下，〕乃是要击败这骂阵的人。（撒母耳记生命读经，一○二、一○四至一○五页。）

　　1 Sam. 17:45-47 Then David said to the Philistine,…I come to you in the name of Jehovah of hosts, the God of the ranks of Israel, whom you have defied. On this day Jehovah will deliver you up into my hand…. And all the earth will know that there is a God in Israel; and all this congregation will know that it is not by sword or spear that Jehovah saves, for the battle is Jehovah’s…

　　In 1 Samuel 17 David was tested and approved in trusting God and defeating Goliath.

　　David heard Goliath’s defiance…. David considered that Goliath was defying the armies of the living God (v. 26b). He also considered that to kill such a defier was to turn away the reproach from Israel (v. 26a)…. David realized that the cause [for his coming there (v. 29b)] was that he had been sent there by God to defeat the defier. (Life-study of 1 & 2 Samuel, pp. 82-84)

　　大卫得扫罗同意，让他与歌利亚战斗。（撒上十七31~39。）起先，扫罗阻止大卫与歌利亚战斗，因为大卫年纪还轻，而歌利亚自幼就作战士。（33。）但大卫确信耶和华必救他脱离歌利亚的手；这是基于他的经历，因他为父亲放羊时，耶和华救他脱离狮子和熊的爪。因着大卫作牧人的经历训练他信靠主，于是大卫能对扫罗说，“耶和华救我脱离狮子和熊的爪，也必救我脱离这非利士人的手。”（37上。）扫罗听见这话，就对大卫说，“你去吧，耶和华必与你同在。”（37下。）于是扫罗就把自己的战衣给大卫穿上，但大卫试过后就摘脱了。（38~39。）

　　大卫出去与歌利亚战斗。（40~48。）他手中拿杖，又在溪中挑选了五块光滑的石子，手中拿着甩石的机弦。（40。）歌利亚因大卫年轻就藐视他，以为他到自己这里来，如人拿杖赶狗一样，就指着自己的神咒诅大卫；又对大卫说，他要将大卫的肉给空中的飞鸟、田野的走兽吃。（41~44。）大卫对歌利亚说，“你来攻击我，是靠着刀枪和铜戟；我来攻击你，是在万军之耶和华，就是你所辱骂以色列军阵之神的名里。今日耶和华必将你交在我手里；我必杀你，取下你的头。我又要将非利士军兵的尸首给空中的飞鸟、地上的野兽吃。全地就必知道以色列中有神；聚集在这里的众人也必知道耶和华施行拯救，不是用刀用枪，因为争战的胜败在于耶和华。祂必将你们交在我们手里。”（45~47。）

　　大卫杀死歌利亚，击败非利士人。（49~54。）他用机弦甩石，打进歌利亚的额内，用歌利亚的刀割了他的头，将他杀死。（49~51上。）非利士人逃跑，以色列人和犹大人便追赶他们，夺了他们的营盘。（51下~53。）大卫将歌利亚的头拿到耶路撒冷，却将歌利亚的军装放在自己的帐棚里。（54。）…大卫胜过歌利亚和非利士人，乃是神拣选并膏大卫的有力印证。…〔之后〕扫罗发现手中拿着歌利亚头的大卫，是伯利恒人耶西的儿子。（55~58。）

　　在撒上十六至十七章，发生在大卫身上的事，完全是在神的主宰之下。我们需要领悟，今天因着我们追求基督，我们环境中的每一面，都完全是在神主宰的手下。至终，向召会生活骂阵的人要被击败。因此，我们应当信靠主，对主有信心，并且安息。（撒母耳记生命读经，一○五至一○七页。）

　　参读：撒母耳记生命读经，第十二至十三篇。

　　David gained the agreement of Saul for him to fight against Goliath (1 Sam. 17:31-39). At first, Saul discouraged David from fighting with Goliath, saying that David was but a youth and that Goliath had been a man of war since his youth (v. 33). However, David had the assurance that Jehovah would deliver him from the hand of Goliath. David’s assurance was based upon his experience of Jehovah delivering him from the paw of the lion and of the bear in his shepherding of his father’s sheep. Because his experience as a shepherd had trained him to trust in the Lord, David could say to Saul, “Jehovah, who delivered me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear, He will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine” (v. 37a). When Saul heard this, he said to David, “Go, and may Jehovah be with you” (v. 37b). Then Saul put his armor on him, but David tried it and took it off (vv. 38-39).

　　David went forth to fight against Goliath (vv. 40-48). He took his staff, chose five smooth stones from the brook, and held his sling in his hand (v. 40). Goliath scorned him for being but a youth and considered that his coming to him was as one with staves coming to chase away a dog. Goliath then cursed David by his gods and said that he would give David’s flesh to the birds of heaven and to the beasts of the field (vv. 41-44). David said to Goliath, “You come to me with sword and spear and javelin, but I come to you in the name of Jehovah of hosts, the God of the ranks of Israel, whom you have defied. On this day Jehovah will deliver you up into my hand, and I will strike you and remove your head from you. And I will give the corpses of the camp of the Philistines to the birds of heaven and to the animals of the earth on this day. And all the earth will know that there is a God in Israel; and all this congregation will know that it is not by sword or spear that Jehovah saves, for the battle is Jehovah’s and He will deliver you into our hand” (vv. 45-47).

　　David killed Goliath and defeated the Philistines (vv. 49-54). He killed Goliath by slinging a stone into Goliath’s forehead and beheading Goliath with his own sword (vv. 49-51a). The Philistines fled, and the men of Israel and Judah pursued them to slay them and plunder their camps (vv. 51b-53). David took the head of Goliath and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put Goliath’s armor in his tent (v. 54). David’s victory over Goliath and the Philistines was a strong confirmation to God’s choosing and anointing of him. Saul found out that David, who held Goliath’s head in his hand, was the son of Jesse the Bethlehemite (vv. 55-58).

　　What happened to David in chapters 16 and 17 was altogether under God’s sovereignty. We all need to realize that because we are pursuing Christ today, every aspect of our environment is absolutely under God’s sovereign hand. Eventually, those who defy the church life will be defeated. Therefore, we should trust in the Lord, have confidence in Him, and be at peace. (Life-study of 1 & 2 Samuel, pp. 84-85)

　　Further Reading: Life-study of 1 & 2 Samuel, msgs. 12-13