这信条宣称:“我信圣灵;主,并赐生命者;从父而出;与父和子同受敬拜,同受尊荣;祂曾借众先知说话。”
G. S. Hendry, The Holy Spirit in Christian Theology, Philaphia, PA: The Westminster Press, 1961, pp.14-15.
G.W. Biomiley, The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Vol. 2, Eerdmans, 1982, p.73.
J. G. Simpson & G. W. H. Lampe, “The Holy Sprit”, Dictionary of the Bible, F. C. Grant & H. H. Rowley, T & T Clark, 1963, p.394.
W. Lee, The Conclusion of the New Testament, Message 79, LSM, 1986, p.853.
M. J. Erickson, Christian Theology, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1983, pp.881-882.
M. N. Zerwick, Biblical Greek, Editrice Pontificio Istituto Biblico, Rome, 1963, pp.15-16.
李常受,《那灵同我们的灵》,Anaheim,CA: LSM,1995,6页。
关于“神是灵”,李常受说,这“不是指神的身位,乃是指神的素质,本质。……我们要敬拜神,就必须认识,我们所敬拜的那一位,在素质上,在本质上,乃是灵。”(见李常受,《那灵同我们的灵》,Anaheim, CA: LSM, 1995, 第六页。)故此,主耶稣对撒玛利亚妇人说,“神是灵”,此处的灵并不指三一神中的一位,而是指神的素质、成分与性质就是灵。神不是物质的,乃是如气一般,不受任何的限制,可无所不在,也可以参透每一处的。因为神有这样的素质,所以,敬拜祂的就不应该受到任何环境的限制,应该在我们人的灵里来敬拜(约四20-24)。
倪柝声,《神话语的职事》,倪柝声文集,第三辑第七册,台湾福音书房,2002年,三版,5-8页。
R. Olson & C. Hall, The Trinity, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 2002, pp.5-6. 比方说,诗篇三十三篇六节:“诸天借耶和华的命(或“话语”,即“道”)而造;万象借祂口中的气而成。”因为“气”在原文就是与“灵”同字,所以根据这一节,“道”与“灵”在创造时,作了同样的功用。
G.O’Collins, The Tripersonal God: Understanding and Interpreting the Trinity, New York: Paulist Press, 1999, pp.23, 31-34.
A. W. Wainwright, The Trinity in the New Testament, London: SPCK, 1962, pp.220-221.
李常受,《神新约的经纶》,台湾福音书房,1989,20,22页。
李常受,《那灵》,《新约总论》第四册,台湾福音书房,1994年,62页。
K. Barker, The New International Version Study Bible Notes, Professional ed., Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2003 CD version, Matt. 3:16.
J. Dunn, “Spirit of Christ”, Christology in the Making, 2nd Ed., Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1989, p.142.
J. Dunn, The Christ & The Spirit, Vol. 2, Pneumatology, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1998, p.50.
M. Thompson, The God of the Gospel of John, Grand Rapids, Michigan Eerdmans, 2001, p.187.
CitedinA.Wainwright's, TheTrinityintheNew Testament, p.214.
W. G. Kummel, The Theology of the New Testament, Nashville: Abingdon, 1973, p.315.
G. Bornkamm, “Der Paraklet im Johannes-Evangleium”,in Geschichte und Glaube, Gesammelte Aufsatze, Erster Teil, Band III, Munich: Kaiser, 1968, pp.84, 88. 见M. M. Thompson, The God of the Gospel of John, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2001, p.150, footnote 10.
M. Turner, The Holy Spirit and Spiritual Gifts, Hendrickson, 1998, p.96.
J. Denny, “Holy Spirit”, Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels, Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1917, p.742.
D. A. Carson, The Farewell Discourse and Final Prayer of Jesus, An Exposition of John 14-17, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker, p.50
R. Brown, The Gospel According to John, Anchor Bible, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1970, 2:698-699.
同注37, 1964, Vol. 1, p.643.
E. Schwiezer, “Pneuma”, Theological Dictionary of The New Testament, p.892.
The Spirit defined by Christ and “limited” to that which accords with the character of the earthly Jesus and exalted Lord.
Christ experienced as Spirit and “limited” to Spirit in his relationship with men.
李常受,《哥林多前书生命读经》,728-729页。
中文没有适合的翻译。J. Frame, The Doctrine of God, Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 2002, p.691.
W. R. Nicoll, The Expositor's Bible, Vol. V, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1982, p.750.
L. S. Thornton, The Incarnate Lord, pp.323-324. 参A. Wainwright, The Trinity in the New Testament. p.219.
在他著名的论文《论圣灵》(On the Holy Spirit)一文中。
J. P. Lange, Commentary on the Holy Scriptures, Vol. 9, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1978, p.91.
Aron C. Gaebelein, The Annotated Bible, Moody Press, 1970, p.212.
The Holy Bible, New International Version, Pradis Software, Rev. 1:4, footnote.
Basil, Letters, 159.2. cited in Millard Erickson's Christian Theology, 2nd edition, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books, 1983, p.867.
Basil the Great, On the Holy Spirit, trans. David Anderson, Crestwood, N.Y.: St. Vladimir's Press, 1980, pp.76-78.
John of Damascus, Exposition of the Orthodox Faith, Chapter 8, p. 9.