来九11~12　但基督已经来到，作了那已经实现之美事的大祭司，经过那更大、更全备的帐幕，不是人手所造的，就是不属这受造世界的；并且不是借着山羊和牛犊的血，乃是借着祂自己的血，一次永远地进入至圣所，便得到了永远的救赎。
　　因着利未记十一至十五章所描述神子民消极的光景，按照神的观念，在祂神圣的经纶中，乃有救赎的需要。因为旧约时期不是成功救赎的时候，所以需要有要来之救赎的预表和影儿。这个影儿就是十六章中的遮罪。旧约中借着动物祭牲所完成的遮罪乃是预表，指向新约中基督所完成的救赎（圣经恢复本，利十六1注1）。

　　Heb. 9:11-12 But Christ, having come as a High Priest of the good things that have come into being, through the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made by hands, that is, not of this creation, and not through the blood of goats and calves but through His own blood, entered once for all into the Holy of Holies, obtaining an eternal redemption.

　　Because of the negative situation of God's people, as portrayed in Leviticus 11 through 15, according to God's concept and in His divine economy there is the need of redemption. Because the Old Testament time was not the time for redemption to take place, a type, a shadow, of the coming redemption was needed. This shadow is the expiation in chapter 16. The expiation accomplished through the animal sacrifices in the Old Testament is a type pointing to the redemption accomplished by Christ in the New Testament. (Lev. 16:1, footnote 1)

　　遮罪，希伯来文字根意，遮盖。这字的名词，在利未记十六章二节和出埃及二十五章十七节译为遮罪盖。在七十士希腊文译本和新约里，所用这希腊文的字根，在罗马三章二十五节，希伯来二章十七节，约壹二章二节，四章十节译为平息，意思是使（两方之间的光景）得以平息。在遮罪日，赎罪祭的血被带进至圣所，弹在遮罪盖，就是约柜的盖上（利十六14~15），约柜的盖遮盖了约柜里的十诫（出二五16）；这表征前来接触神的人，其罪已经被遮盖，但还未被除去。……如此，堕落的人与神之间的光景，就得以平息，但还未完全解决。直到基督来，献上自己作平息的祭物，除去人的罪，才成功了救赎（来九12，二17，约壹二2，四10，约一29）（圣经恢复本，利十六1注1）。
　　按照希伯来十章四节，旧约的遮罪是不能除罪的。倘若遮罪能以除罪，人就无须每年不断地献上赎罪祭了。重复的献祭，指明成功救赎而有的除罪尚未发生。因此，主耶稣必须来到，为着救赎我们，在十字架上受死。
　　利未记十六章十五至十九节摆出了一幅遮罪之完成的图画；借着这旧约时代遮罪的预表，我们能知道基督如何在新约时代为罪人完成了除罪的事。现在我们就来看十六章这段圣经所论到遮罪之完成的细节，及其预表。
　　遮罪的完成，第一步是宰杀那为百姓作赎罪祭的山羊（15上）；这山羊表征罪人（参太二五32、33、41）。我们生来就是个罪人，里面有罪性，外面有罪行；而罪的工价乃是死（罗六23）。所以按着定命，我们都有一死（来九27）。为此，在遮罪的完成里，就要人以山羊为赎罪祭，作罪人的代替。
　　这被宰的山羊作赎罪祭，乃是预表那成为罪之肉体样式的基督，作我们罪人的赎罪祭。这就是罗马八章三节所指明的：神在罪之肉体的样式里，并为着罪，差来了自己的儿子，就在十字架上，在肉体里被钉死，而在肉体中定罪了罪。基督成为肉体（约一14），在肉体里与我们成为一。祂是那不知罪的，却替我们成为罪，受了神的审判，神就借此在肉体中定罪了罪（林后五21，约三14）。我们也在基督里，就是在祂的复活里与祂是一，而成为神的义。借着这义，我们这些神的仇敌就能与神和好了（罗五10）（真理课程三级卷二，七九至八二页）。
　　参读：利未记生命读经，第四十六篇；生命课程，第三十九课。

　　The root of the Hebrew word translated "expiation" means "to cover." The noun form of this word is rendered "expiation cover" in Leviticus 16:2 and in Exodus 25:17. The root of the Greek word used in the Septuagint and in the New Testament, translated "propitiation" in Romans 3:25; Hebrews 2:17; and 1 John 2:2 and 4:10, means "to appease" (the situation between two parties). On the Day of Expiation the blood of the sin offering was brought into the Holy of Holies and sprinkled on the expiation cover, the lid of the Ark (Lev. 16:14-15), which covered the Ten Commandments within the Ark (Exo. 25:16), signifying that the sin of the ones coming to contact God had been covered but not yet removed....In this way the situation of fallen man in relation to God was appeased but was not fully settled, until Christ came to accomplish redemption by offering Himself as the propitiatory sacrifice to take away man's sin (Heb. 9:12; 2:17; 1 John 2:2; 4:10; John 1:29). (Lev. 16:1, footnote 1)

　　According to Hebrews 10:4, expiation in the Old Testament could not take away sins. If expiation had been able to take away sins, there would have been no need for the people to continually offer the sin offering year after year. The repetition of the offering was an indication that the taking away of sins for the accomplishment of redemption had not yet taken place. Therefore, it was necessary for the Lord Jesus to come to die on the cross for our redemption.

　　Leviticus 16:15-19 presents a picture of the accomplishing of expiation, the covering of sins. With the type of the expiation in the Old Testament age, we know how Christ accomplished the taking away of sins in the New Testament age. Let us consider the details in Leviticus 16 and their significance concerning the accomplishing of expiation.

　　The first step for the accomplishing of expiation was to slaughter the goat of the sin offering for the people (v. 15a). Goats signify sinners (cf. Matt. 25:32-33, 41). We were born sinners, having a sinful nature inwardly and sinful deeds outwardly, and the wages of sin is death (Rom. 6:23). Therefore, it is reserved for us to die once (Heb. 9:27). For this reason, in the accomplishing of expiation, man was required to take the goat of the sin offering as his substitute.

　　The slaughtered goat of the sin offering is a type of Christ, who was made in the likeness of the flesh of sin, being the sin offering for us, the sinners. "God, sending His own Son in the likeness of the flesh of sin and concerning sin, condemned sin in the flesh" when Christ was crucified in the flesh on the cross (Rom. 8:3). When Christ was incarnated (John 1:14), He became one with us in the flesh. He did not know sin, but He was made sin on our behalf to be judged by God, and thereby God condemned sin in the flesh (2 Cor. 5:21; John 3:14). In Him, that is, in becoming one with Him in His resurrection, we have become the righteousness of God. By this righteousness we, the enemies of God, have been reconciled to God (Rom. 5:10). (Truth Lessons—Level Three, vol. 2, pp. 72-74)

　　Further Reading: Life-study of Leviticus, msg. 46; Life Lessons, vol. 4, lsn. 39